OBJECTIVES: The follow-up rate of socioeconomically at risk children with vision diseases is only 5% at our eye institution. Through the Children’s Eyecare Adherence Project (CECAP), we identified barriers to care in this population and developed a conceptual framework as well as parent/caregiver questionnaire. METHODS: Barriers to follow-up were obtained by two trained medical students who phoned parents/caregivers of high-risk Philadelphia schoolchildren identified in 2010-2011 as having eye problems requiring a follow up visit within 1 year through our mobile outreach van and annual Give Kids Sight Day exams.   Barriers were then organized into a conceptual framework depicting main themes and inter-relationships. RESULTS:  Ninety-three parents/caregivers were phoned with ten barriers to follow-up identified and organized into 3 main themes: 1) predisposing factors (lack of awareness, perceived importance, conflict of commitment, lack of communication means); 2) system factors (lack of referral, clinical scheduling difficulty, lack of transportation access); 3) financial factors (lack of insurance, healthcare payment difficulty, transportation payment difficulty). A 13-item (12 dichotomous, 1 open-ended) questionnaire was developed encompassing these 10 barriers for administration to parents/caregivers. CONCLUSIONS:   The resulting CECAP parent/caregiver survey is brief and of use for future patient support and outreach programs of children with vision diseases. Ongoing work involves validating this survey through a larger study of children identified in 2012 as needing follow up.