OBJECTIVES: The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) is one of the most widely used health-related quality of life (HRQoL) specific questionnaires for patients with heart failure (HF). It provides two dimensions (physical and emotional) and a global score. However, there are some concerns about its factor structure, and different alternatives have been proposed, including even a third factor representing a social dimension. The objective of the present study was to study the internal structure of the MLHFQ, the unidimensionality of the total score, and to compare the different factor structures raised. METHODS: We included