OBJECTIVES: Glioblastoma is a most aggressive primary brain tumor. Few economic evaluations have been performed to evaluate treatments in glioblastoma. The objective of this literature review was to identify the characteristics of economic evaluations in glioblastoma and the methods used to assess their economic impact. METHODS: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases from January 2004 until February 2014 to identify economic evaluations of glioblastoma. Titles were initially screened for relevance. Then, abstracts of potentially relevant studies were reviewed. Finally, full-text articles were obtained for studies deemed relevant according to the abstract and were analyzed in details and relevant characteristics were extracted.  RESULTS: A total of 1,666 potentially relevant studies were identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 105 full-text articles were assessed according to the eligibility criteria and 14 studies were included. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyzes were performed in 86% of studies. Thirty six percent of the economic evaluations used a Markov model and fourteen percent used a decision tree. The time horizon varied from 1 year to lifetime, with 57% of studies with a time horizon of more than 5 years. A large majority of the economic evaluations adopted the perspective of the healthcare system (n=12) and two studies reported societal perspective. The largest proportion of the studies compared temozolomide to several chemotherapy used in glioblastoma (57%), followed by bevacizumab (7%), carmustine wafer (7%). Among studies that reported a cost per QALY or a cost per LYG (9 studies). Among these, 29% have an ICER of CAD$50,000 or less, while 43% have an ICER of CAD$100,000/(QALY, LYG) or less. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high level of heterogeneity among selected studies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the cost-effectiveness of several treatments in glioblastoma and could serve in the realization of future economic evaluations.