OBJECTIVES: Cancer is the  second leading cause of death in the Slovak Republic with 23 000 new cases diagnosed every year and highest incidence in age group over 60. Antineoplastic agents prevent or inhibit the maturation and proliferation of neoplasms. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the consumption of antineoplastic agents in Slovak Republic within the  period of 2008-2011.  METHODS: Analysed data were abstracted from the Slovak Institute of Drug Control and provided by wholesalers due to their legal obligation towards the SIDC.  Processed informations include the number of medicine packages and financial expenditures. RESULTS: There was a gradual rise in antineoplastic agents utilisation in terms of financial expenditures from 98 605 418 € in 2009 to 105 786 256 € in 2011. Third quartal of 2010 was hitting a peak with 27 261 629 € respectively while the first quartal plummeted to 23 307 249 €, which presents the lowest performance within followed period. Number of packages rose sequentially from 513 193 in 2008 to 593 067 in 2011.  Average price per package was fluctuating from 168 € in 2010 to 192 € in 2008.  Highest financial decline was observed in group of plant alkaloids and other natural products ( from 12 977 717 € in 2008 to 6 840 618 € in 2011).  Most significant expeditures increase from the group of antineoplastic agents reached capecitabine  with 3 491 954 € in 2008 and 4 560 623 € in 2011. Its number of packages almost doubled from 8 725 in 2008 to 14 145 in 2011. CONCLUSIONS: The slight rise in consumption of antineoplastic agents is caused by higher incidence and prevalence and better diagnose of cancer disease in Slovak population.  Higher use of capecitabine can be interpretted in pursuance of breast and colorectal cancer occurence.