OBJECTIVES Medications in households offer a variety of opportunities for irrational consumption and development of adverse drug reactions (ADR).  One of the medicines most commonly associated with ADR are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), one of the most frequently used medications in Serbia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the amount and structure of NSAIDs present in household drug supplies, and address the issue of possible inadequate use. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study of drug storage and self-medication practice in households in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia over the 8 months period. Study consisted of personal insight into the drug inventory, and drugs were classified according the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. RESULTS Out of 383 surveyed households, 280/383 (73%) households held at least one box of NSAID in their home-pharmacy and a total of 473 packages of NSAID have been inventored. Most commonly encountered NSAIDs were ibuprofen (52.64%), diclofenac (31.92%), nimesulide (8.03%) and meloxicam (3.38%). Other NSAIDs accounted for less than 4% altogether. Over 70% of all NSAIDs present have been bought without prescription. Majority of ibuprfoen (91.3%) and diclofenac (65.74%) were obtained without a prescription even though in Serbia all NSAIDs (except ibuprofen 200mg) are prescription only medication (POM). According to European Medicine Agency, ibuprofen is classified as OTC, but diclofenac is strictly POM. Large amount of diclofenac used without consulting a physician presents a serious issue. Nimesulide and meloxicam were almost exclusively bought with prescription (>80%). CONCLUSIONS NSAIDs were present in most of Serbian home-pharmacies and were usually bought without prescription. This present a serious problem, especially for unsupervized diclofenac use. Financial Sources: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, project No. 41012.