OBJECTIVES To analyze the impact that asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have on patients Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and on health resources consumed by the Spanish Health System. METHODS Data obtained from the last Spanish National Health Survey (SNSHS) 2011-12, on adult population (> 15y), identifying patients with a diagnostic of asthma or COPD. Descriptive statistic analysis was carried out, specially focused on self-reported HRQOL (EQ-5D-5L) and health resources utilization. The EQ-5D results were translated into QALYs, with the social tariffs validated in Spain. Other demographic factors, potentially related with the mentioned respiratory diseases prevalence, as age, sex, smoking habits were analyzed. Four groups were compared: 1) asthma patients, 2) COPD patients, 3) patients with other chronic conditions, and 4) global Spanish population. RESULTS Data from 21,007 adults was recorded. Prevalence of asthma was slightly above COPD (5.4% vs 4.7%), and 47.2% were suffering from chronic diseases. Asthma patients were younger than those with COPD (51y vs 61y, as an average, respectively). Concerning EQ-5D results, the dimensions mainly affected either in COPD or asthma were, respectively, pain/discomfort (53.7% / 38.7%), mobility (42% / 27.4%), usual activities (34.4% / 21.8%), and depression/anxiety (32.4% / 25.4%). Based on the EQ-5D questionnaire, the QALYs calculation were 0.75 for COPD and 0.90 for asthma patients, the latter results were similar to the other chronic conditions and to the global population. Health resources in COPD patients were significantly higher than in the other 3 groups analyzed, considering office visits (GPs/Specialists), hospitalization and emergency unit visits during the last year. CONCLUSIONS Patients diagnosed with asthma have a similar HRQOL compared to the rest of the population, but COPD patients have it worse. COPD is also associated with a higher health resources consumption, which implies a relevant impact on the Spanish National Health System.