OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking is a new trend in tobacco use with a growing popularity and unsubstantiated belief that the practice is safe. The objectives were to determine the rate of waterpipe smoking among a sample of adults in Jordan and correlates of its use.   METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was administered in a convenient sample of adults in Amman, Jordan (n=600). Survey included socio-demographic characteristics, current and history of tobacco smoking, environmental and behavioral smoking determinants like peer influence, and perceived harm. Three multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to determine predictors of waterpipe use for the following outcomes: previous lifetime use of waterpipe to smoke tobacco vs. no use (model 1), previous 30-day use vs. no use (model 2), and previous 7-day use versus no use (model 3). Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).  All analyses were carried out using SAS statistical package version 9.2. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 51.56% female with mean age of 27 years.  More than half of the sample (53%) had previously smoked tobacco using a waterpipe, a third during the past month (33.94%), and 22% during the past week. Previous cigarette use (OR=6.37 model 1, OR=3.38 model 2, OR=4.29 model 3), previous cigar use (OR=3.44 model 1, OR=2.05 model 2, OR=2.67 model 3), previous alcohol use (OR=2.1 model 1), having friends (OR=3.87 model 1, OR=2.74 model 2) and/or siblings (OR=3.18 model 1, OR=2.53 model 2, OR=2.86 model 3) that use waterpipes, were significant predictors of waterpipe smoking. Perception of harm equivalent to cigarettes or more was associated with less use (OR= OR=0.262 model 2, OR=0.305 model 3). CONCLUSIONS: High rates of waterpipe smoking in both genders were documented, even among participants recognizing the associated harm. Data suggests the importance of incorporating the predictors identified in future intervention strategies.