OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the utilisation of antineoplastic drugs during the period of 2004-2009 in Slovak Republic. METHODS: Data involving the number of medicine packages, DDD and financial expenditures abstracted from the Slovak Institute for Drug control were analysed to evaluate the antineoplastic agents consumption. RESULTS:  The obtained data showed slight increase in antineoplastic agents consumption from 2004 (21,03 DID (DDD/1000 inhabitants/ day) to 2007 (30,94 DID). Between  2007 and 2009 slight decrase in DID (from 30,94 in 2007 to 27,10 in 2009) was observed. Antimetabolits  raised DID consumption between 2004 (9,88) and 2007 (14,13)  and declined in 2009 (10,12 ). The consumption of alkylating agents in terms of DID was varying from 4,4 in 2004 to 8,3 in 2007 and 7,38 in 2009, cytotoxic antibiotics and related substances reached 0,41 in 2004 , 0,74 in 2007  and 0,73 in 2009, plant alkaloids and other natural products quoted 2,04 in 2004 and 2,67 in 2009. Total expenditures for antineoplastic drugs multiplied from 21 736 185 € (2004) to 105 589 161 € (2009).  Highest consumption in terms of financial units was reached in 2004 by: docetaxel (2 328 233€ ), paclitaxel ( 2 259 313€ ) and gemcitabine (2 062 914€ ); in 2009 by: bevacizumab (17 049 381 €), trastuzumab (11 703 935 €), rituximab (9 153 856 €); in terms of DID: ifosfamid (3,43 (2004) and 6,3 (2009)), gemcitabine (4,88 (2004) and 4,66 (2009)), fluorouracil (3,14 (2004)  and 2,85 (2009)). CONCLUSIONS: Financial expenditures for antineoplastic agents are rising due to use of new and expensive medications, which are supposed to double within coming years and are expected to decrease one third of cancer mortality. Senescent population with higner incidence of cancer disease is expected to slightly increase DID and medicine packages consumption.