OBJECTIVES: Compare health status, resource utilization, and work productivity between caregivers for an adult with epilepsy and a control group of non-caregivers. METHODS: Respondents to the 2009 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), a self-administered, internet-based questionnaire of adults, who reported providing care for an adult relative with epilepsy, were included in the caregiver group. Propensity score methods were used to construct a 5:1 matched control group from the general NHWS population, excluding caregivers for any other condition, matched on demographics and health characteristics. The caregiver and control groups were compared on health status (SF-12v2 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score) and resource use (number of self-reported hospitalizations, ER visits, and physician visits in the past 6 months). Employed caregivers were similarly matched to employed controls from the general NHWS respondents and compared on work productivity using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, and generalized linear models. RESULTS: Of the 75,000 NHWS respondents, 222 self-reported caregivers were matched to 1,110 controls (p>0.25 for all included covariates). The caregiver group was 51.8% female with mean (standard deviation) age of 45.2 (15.4) years. Caregivers had lower mean SF-12v2 PCS scores than controls (43.0 vs. 46.3, respectively; p<0.0001) and showed no difference on mean MCS scores (44.8 vs. 46.3, respectively; p=0.090). Caregivers reported significantly (p<0.0001) more ER visits (rate ratio (RR) = the ratio of the caregiver group mean to the control group mean=4.15), hospitalizations (RR=6.44), and provider visits (RR=1.59) than controls. Employed caregivers (n=124) reported significantly (p≤0.0018) higher rates of absenteeism (RR=2.66), presenteeism (RR=2.08), overall work impairment (RR=2.02), and activity impairment (RR=1.76) versus controls. CONCLUSIONS: Caregivers of adults with epilepsy reported utilizing more healthcare resources, and had lower work productivity, worse physical health status yet no difference in mental health status versus non-caregivers.