OBJECTIVES: By means of «Budget impact analysis» define what type of surgical gowns and drapes: disposable or reusable, is more rational to apply in surgery.   METHODS: Budget impact analysis was provided. The study estimated direct costs: expenses for reusable and disposable gowns and drapes usage, drug therapy and late complications (peritonitis, sepsis, phlegmon and abscess) treatment. Effectiveness data was taken from 2 clinical trials: «Moylan J.A., Fitzpatrick K.T., Davenport K.E.. Reducing wound infections. Improved gown and drape barrier perfomance. Arch Surg. – 1987» and «Surgical site infection by surgical category and type of incision - 5 years from July 2004 to June 2009, England». Risk of postoperative complications development was the main effectiveness criterion. Two types of surgical linen were compared: simple surgical sheet, as an example of reusable surgical linen, and a set of disposable gowns ad drapes.  RESULTS: It was established that the use of disposable surgical linen provides more effectiveness in comparison with reusable analogs. Calculation of total expenses for use of 2 compared alternatives showed that use of disposable surgical linen is economically more favorable (285,4 $ for 1 operation carrying out) in comparison with the application of reusable surgical analogs (603,6 $). Transition to this alternative scheme of medical care allows to buy additional number of surgical sets (1 673 sets during one year), on the money saved as a result of this transition. Unifactor sensivity analysis was carried out, which showed that results of our pharmacoeconomic study were stable.   CONCLUSIONS: Total costs of disposable surgical linen usage (428 100 $ for 1 500 operation carrying out during 1 year) appeared to be much less, than those of reusable analogs application (905 400 $). That is why disposable gowns and drapes can be recommended as economic.