OBJECTIVES: The health care utilization and costs among commercially insured women with a diagnosis of Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) and Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) in the United States. METHODS: The Thomson Reuters Marketscan® Database was used to identify women aged 18-64 with an ICD-9-CM coded diagnosis of FSD, including a subset with HSDD from January 1, 1998-September 30, 2006. A control group of women with no diagnosis of any sexual dysfunction was matched 3:1 to cases based on age, health plan and enrollment period. Controls were assigned the index date of their matched case. Healthcare utilization and costs were examined in the year prior (“pre-period”) to and following index (“post-period”). RESULTS: A total of 4831 women were coded as FSD (59% as HSDD) and matched to 14,493 controls. The FSD group had more outpatient visits and services in both the pre- (22.2 vs. 16.2, p<0.001) and post- (25.4 vs. 17.7, p<0.001) periods compared with their matched controls. They also consistently filled more prescriptions in the pre- (14.5 vs. 11.5, p<0.001) and post- (16.2 vs. 7.2, p<0.001) periods. Nearly identical patterns were observed in the HSDD group. These higher levels of utilization resulted in costs that were higher for FSD and HSDD women relative to their matched controls in the pre-period ($1296 and $ 1146 respectively). Similar patterns of increased health care utilization were also seen in the post-period for both FSD and HSDD patients ($1,190 and $897 respectively). The most significant drivers of health care costs for both groups were outpatient medical services (including professional visits, outpatient surgeries, and laboratory expenditures) and total prescription medication costs. CONCLUSIONS: Women diagnosed with FSD and HSDD use significantly more health care services than women without diagnosed sexual dysfunction. The resulting higher costs are driven by a greater use of outpatient services and prescription medications.