OBJECTIVES Infertility is a vital problem for men and woman in Turkey. It decreases the quality of life more than many chronic diseases. The infertility treatment is reimbursed by the government, only twice in a life-time and only if you are a woman younger than 39 years old. Infertility treatment can be considerably long, and many times, the couples need to try more than twice. The government reimburses €656 (1240 YTL) for each treatment. The objective of this study was to calculate the cost of infertility treatment at a University Hospital. METHODS An expert panel composed of obstetricians in Osman Gazi University developed an infertility clinical protocol for this particular university. This protocol was used to calculate the cost of an infertility intervention. A third- party payer perspective to estimate cost of this intervention was chosen. Therefore, to estimate the total cost of an infertility intervention, the official price lists established by the Social Security Organization was used. RESULTS Specialists developed three clinical pathways; antagonist protocol, short and long protocol. Total cost of the antagonist protocol was 1079 Euro, for the short protocol this was €1117, and the long protocol €1059. If the couple had to try all 3 protocols, they had to pay €3255, and the government reimbursed only 1312 Euro. This meant that the couple had to pay €1943. CONCLUSION The Social Security Organization extended the prospective payment system (fixed prices for treatment) coverage for hospital services including fertility treatments, in 2003. We found out that, fixed prices determined by SSO do not reflect actual costs of the services. Due to the fact that the cost of services delivered in university hospitals are higher than other hospitals, university hospitals should develop cost saving strategies to provide fertility treatment services.