OBJECTIVES: A systematic review of the economical assessment studies on genomics and proteomics in the field of oncology.  Our aim is to analyze those emerging diagnostic and therapeutic technologies whose cost effectiveness ratio make them suitable for its adoption in the different health systems from a social point of view.  METHODS: We locate the most relevant studies in the last 10 years in Medline, Embase, Cancerlit, Cochrane Library databases and we analyze the results. The following keywords were used: genetic screening, gene, pharmacogenomics, proteonomics, microarrays, biochips, cost analysis, cost effectiveness, cost benefit, cost minimization, neoplasm, tumour and cancer. RESULTS: We analyze 13 studies from which 5 assess aspects about breast cancer, 7 about colorectal neoplasm, and 1 about urologic pathology. From these analyzed studies, 4 were cost utility studies, 8 were cost effectiveness studies, and one was a cost minimization study. CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the increase of economical assessment studies on genomics and proteomics, constituting an invaluable help for the sanitary and medical decision makers over the suitability and relevance of incorporating the contributions of genomics and proteomics in the field of oncology, introducing the specific ethical and social aspects of this specialty.