OBJECTIVES: The hospital burden and costs of pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia remain high. A retrospective database analysis was conducted for years 2004–2010 to quantify incidence, case-fatality, length of stay, and cost of hospitalization from all-cause pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia in Canada (excluding Quebec). METHODS: Hospitalizations due to these conditions from 2004–2010 were identified from a national database in Canada using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes. Statistics Canada provided the population at-risk data for incidence calculations. A costing model, devised using hospitalization data from Ontario, was used to estimate disease-specific costs. Results are reported for all age groups combined. RESULTS: From 2004–2010, hospitalized pneumonia incidence (cases per 1,000-persons) declined from 3.61 to 3.47, case-fatality rates declined from 12.3% to 11.6%, and average length of hospitalization increased from 9.99 to 10.54 days. Hospitalized meningitis incidence (cases per 100,000-persons) increased non-monotonically from 4.20 to 4.67, case-fatality rates increased from 5.5% to 6.6%, and average length of hospitalization increased from 12.36 to 12.88 days. Hospitalized septicemia incidence (cases per 100,000-persons) increased from 74.28 to 82.03, case-fatality rates remained at approximately 26%, and average length of hospitalization increased from 14.76 to 16.68 days. From 2004–2009, average total costs (Canadian $) increased from $12,195 to $15,742 for pneumonia, remained at approximately $19,000 for meningitis, and increased from $22,289 to $31,019 for septicemia. Incidence patterns for the three conditions differed by age and gender. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and economic burden due to all-cause hospitalized pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia across all ages combined have not demonstrated major reductions  during the period reviewed and remain high, particularly for pneumonia. However, the pattern varied by age group. Substantial savings in costs and hospital resources may accompany prevention of these conditions by measures aimed at major underlying causes, such as influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.