OBJECTIVES: The World Health Organization has recognized diabetes and other selected chronic health conditions are at an epidemic level all of which can be impacted by weight. The purpose of this project was to classify US adults by Body Mass Index (BMI) categories and compare adults with diabetes to those adults without diabetes by BMI categories and other selected priority health conditions to see if there was a difference between groups. METHODS: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) is publically available database providing nationally representative estimates of health care use, expenditures, sources of payment, and health insurance coverage for the US population. Analysis of the survey data utilized design-based methods that utilized the complex survey stratification and weighting provided within the MEPS datasets, in addition to use of the Rao-Scott Chi-square test, to compare people with and without diabetes. The level of significance was two-tailed α=0.05. RESULTS: In 2008, approximately 64 percent of the U.S. adult population was overweight (BMI of 25.0 to 29.9), obese (BMI of 30.0 to 39.9), or extremely obese (BMI greater than or equal to 40). Adults with diabetes had significantly higher percentages of being overweight, obese, and extremely obese, where more likely to have asthma and more than twice as likely to have hypertension, and were nearly three times as likely to have heart disease and more than three times more likely to have a stroke than adults without diabetes (p-value=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes were more likely to be overweight, obese, and extremely obese compared to those without diabetes. Patients with diabetes were also more likely to have chronic health conditions such as hypertension, heart disease, and stroke.