OBJECTIVES: Introduction of module in rational use of medicine (RUM) to pharmacology curriculum needs analysis of existing knowledge among health care workers. The knowledge and attitudes of medical practitioners (MPs) and medical students (MSs) on Standard Treatment Guidelines (STG) were assessed METHODS:  Forty-two MPs and 120 MSs were given pretested structured questionnaire on STG and core policies of RUM.  RESULTS: Results showed that only 78 % of MPs were confident about their knowledge in STG and 7% of them were not attentive. Knowledge of MPs and MSs showed 78% and 84% on contents of STG while the knowledge in core policies was 73% and 34%  respectively. More than 99% of MSs and 71% of MPs were attentive on the inclusion of clinical features of the illness in STG. knowledge on updating and significance of STG as guidance for new prescribers of MPs were 84% and 88% respectively while 96 % of MSs had acquainted in those two areas. Both groups had good knowledge on STG is not an accordance with personnel experience (MPs-71%, MSs-74%). 80% of MSs and 75% MPs discerned that common treatment practices is not an inclusion criteria for STG. CONCLUSIONS: We found that MSs had good knowledge about the contents of STG and skills in application in RUM are limited. MPs were detailed on core policies & application of STG but not acquainted on principles of STG. We conclude that MPs need repetitive in- service training programs to ensure the adherence to STG and MSs are in need of skill development programme to pertain STG in clinical practice.