Objective: Triptans (almotriptan, eletriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan) have become the preferred migraine therapy in Canada and elsewhere. Currently, healthcare decision makers are considering developing a consistent listing policy for triptans in publicly-funded drug plans across Canada. Compelling evidence on cost-effectiveness of triptans applicable to Canadian health care setting is important in aiding decision-making process. This study examines the validity and applicability of available evidence of cost-effectiveness studies of triptans to the Canadian health care system. Methods: Cost-effectiveness studies were obtained by searching PubMed and the Cochrane Library and cross-searching BIOSIS Previews®, EMBASE®, and MEDLINE® databases on the OVID® search system. A Systematic review was performed on selected studies. The validity of evidence was assessed by appraising each study with regards to inclusion of all triptans; major costs and benefits in the model; resource use in the model; and use of credible clinical data. Results: Twelve relevant studies were identified and reviewed. Of them, two considered major cost and benefits and resources use but compared only a few triptans and used unreliable clinical data; eight studies considered only drug cost with only two out of eight studies compared all triptans using unreliable clinical data; and two studies considered resource use and major costs/benefits, compared only a few triptans, and used unreliable clinical data. Conclusion: Available studies on cost-effectiveness of triptans are of limited utility to Canadian decision markers as they harbour flaws such as failure to compare all triptans, adoption of less credible clinical estimates, exclusion of major costs/benefits, and failure to model resources use. A reliable clinical and primary cost-effectiveness study is warranted to take into account Canadian publicly-funded health care system.