Objective: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) accounts for 35% of primary brain tumor in Taiwan. The objective of this study is to determine if patients with GBM survived longer after adjuvant therapy by temozolomide. Methods: We collected all inpatients of GBM verified with pathology in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from January 2001 to March 2006. Patients aged more than 80 at diagnosis were excluded. Outcome was followed until December 31, 2006. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier estimation method and Cox regression model and explores the effect related to various prognostic factors including adjuvant therapy of temozolomide. Results: There were 66 temozolomide users and 133 non-users during the study period. They were no statistical significant differences on gender, age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis between these two groups. Analysis showed 50% survival for users and non-users were 18.7 and 9.9 months, respectively (Log-rank test, p<0.0001) The hazard ratio was 2.58 (95% confidence interval, 1.60-4.16) for the aged 60-80 compared with patients aged 20-40, and that of temozolomide treatment was 0.47 (.34-.66). Stratified analysis showed that there was no significant difference in survival between patients with concomitant radiotherapy. Conclusion: The adjuvant therapy with temozolomide seemed to improve survival, but randomized trial is still needed to test this hypothesis.