EVALUATION OF ACETAMINOPHEN EXPOSURES REPORTED TO A REGIONAL POISON CONTROL CENTER FOR ADULT PATIENTS

Author(s)

Edward Krenzelok, PharmD, Professor and Director1, Mallik V Angalakuditi, BSPharm, PHD, Manager, Global Health Economics2, Kim Coley, PharmD, Associate Professor31University of Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh Poison Control Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 2 Convatec, A Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Skillman, NJ, USA; 3 University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Objective: To describe patient characteristics, doses taken, reason for exposure, time of exposure, treatment and severity of poisoning in adults with acetaminophen-related exposures reported to a regional poison control center (RPCC). Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all acetaminophen exposures that occurred between October 31, 2000 and October 31, 2003 in adults over 18 years of age who were managed by a RPCC. Data collected included patient demographics, amount ingested, severity of exposure, time since exposure, treatment, reason for exposures, exposure site, and caller site. Results: There were 175 exposures to acetaminophen; 72% were females and 28% were males in the study population. There was no significant difference between the mean age of females (31.2±14.0) and males (30.9±12.3) in years. The mean dose of acetaminophen taken was 18.7±20.4 grams and no significant difference in the amount ingested between males and females. The majority of the callers seeking information on acetaminophen ingestion were health care professionals (68%). The mean time between the exposure and the call made to the RPCC was 11.27±18.54 hours. Fifty percent of the patients received acetylcysteine therapy, 27.4% received decontamination (e.g., activated charcoal), and 22.3% received other interventions for the treatment of acetaminophen poisoning. Females (72.4%) were more likely (p<0.001) to take intentional overdoses than males (27.6%). The most common acetaminophen exposure site was patient's own residence (96%). The majority of the exposures were acute (86.9%) rather than chronic poisoning. Conclusion: The main reason for acetaminophen exposure was intentional and females were more likely to ingest intentionally than males. Contacting the RPCC for advice generally occurred beyond the time for optimal acetylcysteine effectiveness. The majority of the exposures were due to acute poisoning.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2008-05, ISPOR 2008, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Value in Health, Vol. 11, No. 3 (May/June 2008)

Code

PSY11

Topic

Epidemiology & Public Health

Topic Subcategory

Safety & Pharmacoepidemiology

Disease

Systemic Disorders/Conditions

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