OBJECTIVES: It has been reported that bone fracture the risk of developing increases for patients who had fractures once before, and and that such patients do not receive enough osteoporosis treatment.  In this present study, we investigated incidence of recurrent fractures and the circumstances of pharmacotherapy for osteoporosis among patients who had experience first hip fracture. METHODS: Female patients 65 years and older who had experienced first hip fractures from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2007 were enrolled at 25 hospitals.We reviewed their medical records and conducted a patient survey to collect information on surgical methods, osteoporosis treatments and prognosis for 1 year after first hip fracture.The questionnaires were filled out by either the patient or family member. This interim analysis was conducted for 477 patients of 7 hospitals out of 2,266 enrolled patients. RESULTS: The average age was 84.0 (66-103) years old. In terms of fracture type, we identified 237 cervical cases and 237 intertrochantric fractures, with 3 cases that were not specified.  A total of 94.3 % of the patients received an operation. During hospitalization, 26.2% were on pharmacotherapy and 22.9% received no pharmacotherapy. For the observational period, 1 year after first fractures, 13.4% of the patients received pharmacotherapy, but 57.2% received no treatment.  For the observational period, 44 patients (9.2%) experienced recurrent fractures and 18 (3.8%) out of those suffered hip fractures. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the incidence of recurrent hip fractures among patients who have already experienced a first hip fracture was 3,800/100,000 person-year. This is 7.4 times the rate found in the general population of the same age group.  Despite this increase in incidence rate, only 13% of patients had received osteoporosis treatment after the first hip fracture.  Japanese patients who have already suffered from a first hip fracture must be considered high risk patients who should be treated with preventive action.