OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of economic evaluation to update the antigens dispensed by the Colombian Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) from 2000 and 2021.

METHODS: a review of economic evaluation of vaccines (EEV) studies conducted by the Expanded Program of Immunization in Colombia between 2000 and 2021. A literature search was carried out in different databases complemented with information obtained from different stakeholders who participated in the updating process.

RESULTS: In 2000, sponsored by the Pan-American Health Office of the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), was conducted the cost-effectiveness analysis of vaccination against Hemophilus influenzae type b was the first economic evaluation of vaccines (EEV) conducted ever in Colombia. Between 2005 and 2007, 4 EEV (Rotavirus, Heptavalent Pneumococcus, Influenza and Hepatitis A) were carried out in order to inform the decision process at local level in Bogota DC, the Colombian capital. Between 2007 and 2010, the Ministry of Health sponsored 8 EEV (Rotavirus, 7- and 10-valent pneumococcus, Influenza, Hepatitis A, chickenpox, tetanus in men, and HPV) which were used to decide about the introduction of new vaccines at national level. Subsequently, with the support of PAHO's PROVAC initiative, Colombia went from having 6 EPI vaccines in the 1990s, to 21 EPI vaccines that currently protect against 29 diseases, not including the vaccines used against COVID-19 which Colombia have been using since March 2021.

CONCLUSIONS: Colombia has been one of the middle-income countries with the highest number of vaccines included in its EPI in the last 20 years and the use of the EEV has been essential for decision-making.