OBJECTIVES : To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of rHuTPO in patients undergoing single Umbilical cord blood transplantation (sUCBT).

METHODS : We designed a prospective observational study to follow up a cohort of 120 patients who undergoing sUCBT from October 2016 to March 2018 were randomly divided into the rHuTPO treatment group and the conventional treatment group from the health care system in China. Cost and effectiveness data were collected from these patients for economic evaluation.The trial was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, and registered on www.chictr.org.cn(ChiCTR-IPR-16009357).

RESULTS : 116 patients were enrolled in the study, 3 patients were withdrawn from the study group and 1 patient died. Among them, we enrolled 56 patients in rHuTPO group and 60 patients in conventional treatment group.In the surviving patients, the cumulative incidence of PLT engraftment in the rHuTPO group (91.7%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (78.3%) (p=0.0157); The median time of PLT recovery in the rHuTPO group was 39days, which was significantly shorter than that in the control group(53days, P=0.049). No severe adverse effects were observed in all patients.The average total hospitalization expenses of the two groups were 273,342.9 yuan and 270,406.7 yuan (p=0.5003), and the total drug costs were 159,830.8 yuan and 13,726.1 yuan (p=0.164). With the cumulative incidence of PLT engraftment as the effect index, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the two groups was 271.94. The sensitive analysis showed that the analysis result was robust.

CONCLUSIONS : Our results demonstrate that rHuTPO could noticeably improve platelet engraftment and promote platelet recovery in patients with haematological malignancies receiving sUCBT, and can achieve better results only at a lower cost.demonstrate that rHuTPO could noticeably improve platelet engraftment and promote platelet recovery in patients with haematological malignancies receiving sUCBT, and can achieve better results only at a lower cost.