Poisoning in children represents a frequent cause of admission to emergency units. In Kuwait, drug and chemical poisoning is reported to affect at least 1150 children annually, 50% of which are younger than 12 years of age. Pediatric drug and chemical poisoning is associated with significant costs; direct medical costs result from rescue medications including antidotes, ambulance transportation, emergency room visits (ER) and hospitalizations, while indirect costs are related to loss of productivity of caregivers. Objective: To estimate the economic burden of childhood drug and chemical poisoning at the six governmental hospitals in Kuwait from January 2019 to December 2020. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a cost of illness model (a cost of illness framework). Societal perspective will be used. Children (0- 18 years old) with at least one drug or chemical poisoning event will be included. Primary outcome: direct and indirect costs associated with intentional and unintentional drug and chemical poisoning. Direct costs include costs of ambulance transportation, ER visits, hospitalization, and use of rescue medications. Indirect costs will be quantified by estimating lost productivity in terms of lost earnings caused by absenteeism of caregivers. Data will be collected from the emergency forms/sheets of children admitted to the corresponding emergency department with at least one drug or chemical poisoning event. Cases requiring inpatient admission will be followed up and data will be collected from the inpatient files. The rate of ambulance run will be obtained by asking experts in the medical emergency administration. A prevalence-based method will be used to estimate the economic burden of drug and chemical poisoning. Both deterministic (one way and two way) and probabilistic (Monte-Carlo simulation) sensitivity analyses will be performed to test the robustness of the base case estimates.