GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND RISK OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY
Author(s)
Pareeta Kotecha1, Yao An Lee, MS2, Michael F Presti, MD, PhD3, Yi Guo, PhD3, Jiang Bian, PhD4, Jingchuan Guo, MD, PhD5;
1Gainesville, FL, USA, 2Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 3University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, 4Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 5Purdue University College of Pharmacy, Indianapolis, IN, USA
1Gainesville, FL, USA, 2Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 3University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, 4Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 5Purdue University College of Pharmacy, Indianapolis, IN, USA
OBJECTIVES: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) demonstrate neuroprotective effects in preclinical models of Parkinson disease (PD), but evidence regarding their association with incident PD in populations without type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. We evaluated whether GLP-1RA use was associated with the risk of incident PD among adults with overweight or obesity without T2D.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used the OneFlorida+ electronic health records data from January 1, 2014, through January 31, 2024. Adults ≥50 years who were eligible for anti-obesity medications based on having a recorded diagnosis of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) or overweight (BMI of 27-29.9 kg/m²) with at least one weight-related comorbidity were included. Individuals with baseline PD, parkinsonism, related neurodegenerative disorders, or T2D were excluded. New users of GLP-1RAs compared with non-users, matched using 1:1 time-conditional propensity scores. The primary outcome was incident PD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: A total of 11,683 GLP-1 RA users were matched with 11,683 non-users. GLP-1RA use was not significantly associated with the risk of PD in the overall cohort (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.41-1.22). In subgroup analyses, GLP-1RA use was associated with a lower risk of PD among females (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21-0.97) but not among males (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.47-2.39). No significant differences were observed across subgroups by age, race/ethnicity, or GLP-1RA class.
CONCLUSIONS: In this real-world cohort of adults with overweight or obesity without T2D, GLP-1RA use was not associated with a reduced risk of incident PD, although a lower risk was observed among females. These findings suggest potential sex difference in the association between GLP-1RA use and PD risk and highlight the need for longer follow-up and prospective studies in obesity populations.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used the OneFlorida+ electronic health records data from January 1, 2014, through January 31, 2024. Adults ≥50 years who were eligible for anti-obesity medications based on having a recorded diagnosis of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) or overweight (BMI of 27-29.9 kg/m²) with at least one weight-related comorbidity were included. Individuals with baseline PD, parkinsonism, related neurodegenerative disorders, or T2D were excluded. New users of GLP-1RAs compared with non-users, matched using 1:1 time-conditional propensity scores. The primary outcome was incident PD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: A total of 11,683 GLP-1 RA users were matched with 11,683 non-users. GLP-1RA use was not significantly associated with the risk of PD in the overall cohort (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.41-1.22). In subgroup analyses, GLP-1RA use was associated with a lower risk of PD among females (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21-0.97) but not among males (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.47-2.39). No significant differences were observed across subgroups by age, race/ethnicity, or GLP-1RA class.
CONCLUSIONS: In this real-world cohort of adults with overweight or obesity without T2D, GLP-1RA use was not associated with a reduced risk of incident PD, although a lower risk was observed among females. These findings suggest potential sex difference in the association between GLP-1RA use and PD risk and highlight the need for longer follow-up and prospective studies in obesity populations.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2026-05, ISPOR 2026, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Value in Health, Volume 29, Issue S6
Code
EPH9
Topic
Epidemiology & Public Health
Topic Subcategory
Safety & Pharmacoepidemiology
Disease
SDC: Diabetes/Endocrine/Metabolic Disorders (including obesity), SDC: Neurological Disorders