A major weakness of the literature on treatment satisfaction is the lack of rigor in the development of satisfaction measures. Part of this problem lies in the absence of an accepted conceptual model for treatment satisfaction. OBJECTIVES: This paper presents a conceptual model for treatment satisfaction and uses it to identify the underlying dimensions associated with smoking cessation treatments. METHODS: A systematic literature review of databases including MEDLINE, ABI-INFORM, Current Contents, and IPA was conducted. Key words used for the literature search included drug, patient, smoking, physician, pharmacist, placebo effect, and treatment satisfaction. Articles included in the review focused on drug and provider attributes shown in the literature to be significantly associated with overall perceptions of treatment experiences. Treatment satisfaction attributes involving high levels of patient-provider contact were emphasized due to their relevance to smoking cessation treatments. RESULTS: A conceptual model for treatment satisfaction, based upon the review, was considered to consist of a patient's assessment of salient aspects of the process and outcome of treatment experiences. Since treatment experiences often contain the administration of both products and services, the conceptual model was considered to consist of both product and service attributes. Support was found in the literature for this conceptualization since evidence showed that both product and service attributes have significant impact on overall evaluations of treatment experiences. Product-related attributes significantly impacting overall treatment satisfaction were categorized under four of the product quality dimensions defined by Garvin (1984): Performance, Features, Aesthetics, and Perceived Quality. Service-related attributes of treatment were classified under the dimensions: Attitude, Responsiveness, Communication, Trust, Access, Motivation, Expertise, and Tangibles. CONCLUSION: The literature demonstrated support for a conceptual model of treatment satisfaction with both product- and service-related attributes. The inclusion of service attributes is particularly important for treatments consisting of high levels of patient-provider contact such as with smoking cessation treatments. The dimensions in this conceptual model can assist in the development of treatment satisfaction measures.