OBJECTIVES: In Ukraine, 800,000 Type-2 diabetic patients registered. Treatment state costs type 2 diabetes in Ukraine amount to more than 36 billion GRN (1 Euro = 6.2 GRN) per year, mainly because of related complications. These complications should be reduced at least by one third by treating accordinng to current guidelines. METHODS: The European Diabetes Policy Group guidelines were applied to define the optimal therapy regarding blood glucose, lipids and blood pressure. Costs of guideline-related medication (antidiabetic drugs) and costs of additional outpatient treatmant were calculated using official tariffs. RESULTS: Guideline treatment would induce 1300 GRN cost per patient for additional medication and outpatient treatment. The phisicians prescribed glibenclamid (maninil) 45% patients, metformin – 18%, combined therapy – 15%, insulin – 22%. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes according to the guidelines makes a huge investment necessary. Assuming optimal treatment could prevent 25% diabetes-related complications and potential cost savings of GRN 2 billion.