OBJECTIVES: Osteoporosis represents a major clinical burden worldwide and, with an increasing ageing population, the number of people affected is expected to increase. In Germany, there is a lack of recent osteoporosis epidemiology data. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence/incidence of osteoporosis in a cohort of patients in Germany insured by a sickness fund. METHODS: The analysis was based on claims data from 3.2 million members (~4.4% of the German insured population) of a regional German statutory health insurance fund. Patients with ≥1 inpatient/outpatient osteoporosis diagnoses (ICD10-Codes M80/M81) in 2016 were included. Osteoporosis prevalence/incidence were reported by age/gender and extrapolated to the German population, based on the overall national age/gender demographics. RESULTS: Extrapolating to the German population, the estimated prevalence of osteoporosis in 2016 was 2,997,243 (7%) women and 628,291 (2%) men. Of these, 2,829,538 (94%) were postmenopausal women ≥55 years of age, and 498,073 (79%) were men ≥60 years (using age thresholds defined per the German osteology [DVO] guidelines). In 2016, an increased risk of fracture, defined as per DVO guidelines, was observed in 1,070,597 (36%) women (149,002 [24%] men). 331,970 (11%) women (65,469 [10%] men) had a prevalent vertebral/femoral fracture; 495,775 (17%) women (78,974 [15%] men) had major osteoporotic fractures; 664,953 (22%) women (59,337 [9%] men) had no fracture but received osteoporosis drug therapy; 73,674 (2%) women (24,196 [4%] men) were diagnosed with drug-induced osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis in 2016 was 451,758 (1%) women (136,426 [0.4%] men) and the incidence of vertebral/femoral fracture in this osteoporosis population was 268,407 (57%) women (53,385 [39%] men). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the previously reported 2009 data for the German population in terms of overall prevalence and incidence and female/male distribution. The analysis did not include asymptomatic/unreported fractures, and so may underestimate the actual numbers.