OBJECTIVE: Randomized controlled clinical trials have demonstrated, that alfuzosin (dalfaz R) is comparable to doxazosin (cardura) in benign prostatic hyperplasia. We compare the costs and clinical consequences of alfuzosin vs doxazosin from the perspective of public health care in Ukraine. Both drugs provide long- lasting relief of symptoms. METHODS: We compared the rates of PSA assay, of prostate volume, of while urinary flow (Qmax). Patients filled in both the generic IPSS. To calculate the drug-acquisition costs. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients (54 alfuzosin, 52 doxazosin) were treated in 6 months. The mean age of patients was 63.7 years. Relief was seen as early as one week after the initiation of therapy. We compared the rates at 1, 3, and 6 months; the prostate volume decreased by 18% and 19% in the doxazosin and alfuzosin groups, respectively, while urinary flow (Qmax) increased by 28 to 29%. The mean percent change in IPSS was 39.8% (p<0.05). Overall symptoms improved in two groups. The direct costs of alfuzosin were 910.0 UAH vs doxazosin 714.1 (1USD=5.3 UAH) per one patient. The total cost of 100 patients treated with doxazosin were decrease by 27.4% vs alfuzosin. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the clinical consequences of doxazosin vs alfuzosin treatment. Our study showed that the treatment with doxazosin may offer economic advantages over alfuzosin, the results may provide a basis for creation of formulary system in Ukraine.