OBJECTIVES: In the recent years, effectiveness data obtained from real-world evidence settings are required to support healthcare decision making in the pre-, peri- and post launch activities for medicines worldwide. The study aims to review, examine prescribing practice and estimate costs of medicine treatment for uterine fibroids in Ukraine and propose the use of real-world evidence in HTA process in Ukraine, while its currently developing. METHODS: We analyzed e-database registry of patients in Lviv Regional Reproductive Health Centre in 2015. We examined total 130 e-medical records of women, 37 of them were diagnosed with uterine fibroids. Average direct costs of medicine treatment were estimated per patient with the use of weighted average prices from Morion company database (Ukraine) on 01.12.2015 (1 USD = 23,3 UAH). RESULTS: The direct costs for out-patient care were evaluated from the patients’ perspective while all expenditures were out-of-pocket. The prescribing practice included 43 medicines by trade name of 7 pharmacological subgroups by ATC-classification. In 32% of cases pharmacotherapy was carried out along with hysteroscopy. Among the prescribed medicines were hormonal (22% cases) and symptomatic treatment schemes (in 18% of cases analyzing diagnosis was associated with inflammatory gynecological disorders). ABC-analysis showed that the most expensive drugs (81,1% of expenditures) in the prescribing structure were 12 medicines: herbal, hormones (triptorelin, levonorgestrel, dydrogesterone, norethisterone), antibacterial (dequalinium), fibrinolytics and probiotics. The average direct cost of hormonal treatment scheme ranges from $5,6 to $214 per patient for one course, the herbal one - $26,5-8,2, antibacterial – $0,7-9,5 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis showed the necessity of prioritization of prescribed medicines and introduction of medical insurance with reimbursement practice in Ukraine. The decision making along with HTA use have to take into account real-world evidence in this process. E-health records have to be available and introduced into the whole health system in Ukraine.