OBJECTIVES: Taiwan is a hyper endemic country with viral liver diseases. “The pay-for-performance (P4P) program of Hepatitis B and C” was launch in Taiwan in 2010 to provide incentives to hospitals to enhance their follow-up on patients with HBV/HCV. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this policy.  METHODS: All the chronic HBV/HCV patients who had sought care in hospitals were identified. Follow-up rates of abdominal ultrasound, alpha-fetoprotein, GOT and GPT were calculated for each hospital every 6-months during 2007-2012. Chi-squares tests and generalized linear model regression were performed to assess the differences in the 6-month follow-up rates in the 3 years prior (the pre-policy periods) and post (the post-policy periods) to P4P policy intervention were compared among the hospitals. All analysis were stratified by types of follow-up examination and HBV/HCV. RESULTS:  A significant higher follow-up rates among hospitals in the post-policy periods on the abdominal ultrasound (0.18 vs. 0.15, p<0.0001), alpha-fetoprotein (0.26 vs. 0.19, p<0.0001), GOT (0.48 vs. 0.42, p<0.0001, and GPT examinations (0.54 vs. 0.46, p<0.0001) were found, in comparison with the pre-policy periods. Non-propriety hospitals had the largest increases in the follow-up rates compared with other types of hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The P4P policy intervention seems to be quite effective in raising the follow-up rates of the HBV/HCV patients seeking care.