In recent years, discovery of new technologies were accompanied by a growth in treatment costs and put health spending among the largest expenses of public systems and families around the world. In order to respond to the need to evaluate and select health technologies that deserve to be incorporated to health systems, methods have been developed to support this process. However, post incorporation analyses of these technologies are necessary for safety or cost effectiveness of what is kept in circulation. This work aims to promote the understanding of the processes that lead to the elaboration of recommendations regarding the maintenance of technology or disinvestment in Brazil, through definitions, detailed descriptions and case studies. The reasons for evaluating the performance of technologies already included in the Brazilian Public Health System, such clinical effectiveness of incorporated technologies, were elucidated, determining the factors that influence the decision to disinvest. The decision to disinvest considered the results of review of health technologies. Additionally, case studies were obtained from the database of the Brazilian Public Health System and consist of the exclusion of Telaprevir and Boceprevir, used in the treatment of hepatitis C, and betainterferon 1A 6.000.000 UI (30 μg) (Avonex®), used in the treatment of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Based on the reported cases, it was concluded that the process of disinvestment and reinvestment in technologies should be focused on the best risk and benefit ratio for the population, aiming the availability of cost effective treatments and services, and that well-structured methods, such as the guideline published by National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation, could make the disinvestment process more transparent.