OBJECTIVES: Da Vinci Surgical System (DVSS) is the most widely studied surgical robot in recently years, which is developed to assist surgeons performing surgical procedures. However, DVSS is associated with high capital and operating costs. Given its limitations, a review of clinical and economic evidence is necessary for decision-makers.we conducted a rapid review to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of DVSS compared with open procedures and laparoscopic procedures, in order to provide the evidence for health decision makers. METHODS: A comprehensive search of electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wangfang) and HTA websites were completed to October 9, 2013. Two trained reviews independently screened for eligible studies, extracted data and assessed quality. Qualitative description was used to report the outcomes. RESULTS: After an initial screen of 272 studies, 18 studies (n=45,516) were selected for meeting inclusion criteria: 3 studies with 32,499 patients were healthy technology assessments and 15 studies with 13,017 patients were systematic reviews. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of DVSS was varied between diseases. Overall, DVSS was shown to be associated with a reduction in operative time, length of hospital stay, blood loss, and transfusion rate compared with open and laparoscopic surgery on prostatetomy, nephrectomy, and hysterectomy colorectal surgery. DVSS was more expensive than open and laparoscopic surgery for the cost of acquiring, operating, and maintaining the robotic techniques. Most economic studies showed no significant difference was found in cost- effectiveness of DVSS comparing with comparators.    CONCLUSIONS: DVSS may have an impact on several clinical outcomes. However, the evidence was limited to systematic review and healthy technology assessments. Furthermore, the cost of DVSS is higher than open and laparoscopic surgery. Taking all of this evidence together, decisions about the robot-assisted surgery need to be made carefully.