OBJECTIVES: Replacement of Peripheral Venous Catheter (PVC) is sometimes required prematurely due to extravasation, catheter damage, complications such as phlebitis. We evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of an integrated closed intravenous catheter system (CICS) with pre-attached stabilization platform and extension tube (Catheter A) which may reduce the occurrence of unscheduled catheter replacement. METHODS: A prospective, open, quasi-random, and controlled study was conducted to compare Catheter A and a conventional PVC (Catheter B) in a 286-bed general hospital in Japan. Patients requiring PVCs for 72 hours or more were enrolled and assigned to either Catheter A Group (Group A) or Catheter B Group (Group B). Both catheters were secured with the same procedure and regularly observed until removal. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for the replacement rates for both catheters for 72 hours was calculated, and the cost difference between the groups was obtained using product prices and average nursing fees published by the government. RESULTS: There were 358 patients evaluated: 193 in Group A and 165 in Group B. One hundred forty three patients in Group A and 109 patients in Group B required catheter replacement because of extravasation, catheter damage, complications, or scheduled catheter removal. The remaining 106 patients from both groups had catheters removed for unexpected reasons such as earlier end of therapy and self-withdrawal. Excluding those 106 patients, there was a significant difference in the catheter survival curves between Group A and B (p<0.01, log-rank test). The total cost of catheter replacement for 72-hour use was 393 yen for Group A and 704 yen for Group B. CONCLUSIONS: The cost difference between two catheters can be offset by savings generated from a lower event rate. Along with total cost benefits, the use of CICS is considered to provide improved safety to patients through decreased complications.