OBJECTIVES: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major health issues in developing countries contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgery is an effective procedure leading to durable weight loss in morbidly obese patients, while metabolic surgery aims at resolving T2DM. The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of those procedures in Indians. METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed in PUBMED and websites of Indian medical databases and journals (www.indmed.org, www.dmri.in, www.nmji.in, www.japi.in). Studies met the inclusion criteria if they enrolled Indian obese patients with or without T2DM undergoing following laparoscopic procedures: sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding, single-incision sleeve gastrectomy. RESULTS: Our search retrieved nine studies (978 patients) of which three included T2DM patients (N = 91) exclusively. Postoperative excessive weight loss ranged from 59.1% to 76.1% after 12-months and from 65.2% to 71.1% after 24-months of follow-up. BMI was reduced by 5.9‑20.5 kg/m2, dyslipidemia was resolved in 34‑100% patients and hypertension was improved in 67‑95% individuals around one year after surgery. Moreover, at the same time joint pain was reduced in 57‑97% patients and sleep apnea in 100% subjects. The incidence of asthma and depression were also reduced following bariatric/metabolic surgery. Metabolic procedures carried out in the subset of diabetics were associated with T2DM resolution in 61-100% of patients, reduction of HbA1c by 2.3‑4.0 percentage points and improvement in fasting blood glucose by 60‑144 mg/dl. Reduction of BMI among diabetics was in the range between 5.9–9.8 kg/m2. Rates of postoperative complications were generally low and only one death was reported due to pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric and metabolic procedures are effective in both weight reduction as well as improvement or resolution of T2DM. Those procedures are safe and beneficial in morbidly obese patients especially with T2DM.