OBJECTIVES: Central nervous system drugs (CNSDs) are commonly used at acute care settings. However, the relationship between falls and CNSDs has not been explored. This study aims to try to address the relationship. METHODS: We used data of CNDs prescribed for over fifteen years old in-patients in 2012. There were CNSDs including 20 benzodiazepine agents, two non-benzodiazepine agents, one barbiturate agents, and five others. With regard to CNDs, we examined duration of prescription, duration of administration, and number of patients for falls within 24 hours after immediately being administered. Falls due to CNDs administration is defined as follows: Fall rate for CNDs = number of falls / prescription days x 100. RESULTS: There were 344 falls including 142 cases (41.3%) with CNDs administration, and the duration of prescription were 62,622 prescription-days. From the viewpoint of length of drug effectiveness, Fall rate for CNDs were 0.16% in short-acting CNDs, 0.25% in intermediate-acting CNDs, and 0.26% in long-acting CNDs. CONCLUSIONS: This result suggested that long-acting CNDs were strongly related with falls. To prevent falls within a hospital, hospital personnel including nursing staff have to be educated　about CNDs.