OBJECTIVES: This study estimated the proportion of patients requiring multiple open surgical procedures following percutaneous breast biopsy, including associated complications and incremental medical costs. METHODS: Healthcare claims data from the Truven Commercial Research database (2009 - 2014) was used to identify patients undergoing percutaneous biopsy in an outpatient setting for this retrospective database analysis. Patient selection criteria included: female; continuous health plan enrollment; no previous history of cancer, chemotherapy, radiation, or breast cancer surgery. Open procedures were defined as an open biopsy or lumpectomy. Study follow-up was defined as 90 days from initial percutaneous biopsy; or until the first date of chemotherapy, radiation, or mastectomy—to limit analysis to diagnosis-related costs. RESULTS: