OBJECTIVES: This study compared the prices of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drugs marketed in Kuwait and the US in December 31, 2015. METHODS: A list of HIV antiretrovirals approved in the US was extracted from the FDA webpage on December 31, 2015. Average wholesale prices (AWP) were extracted from the RedBook (Truven Health). Prices of HIV ARV drugs in Kuwait was collected for the Ministry of Health list of drug prices. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Signed rank test were conducted using Stata 13.1. RESULTS: The FDA approved a total of 28 single active ingredients and 12 fixed dose combinations (FDC) of HIV ARV drugs in the period of analysis. There were 7 single active ingredients (lamivudine, saquinavir, raltegravir, darunavir, zidovudine, atazanavir, and nevirapine) and 2 FDC (lopinavir/ritonavir and lamivudine/zidovudine) included in the Kuwait Ministry of Health pricing list. Those 9 drugs had a total of 11 formulations and 13 strengths. Those 13 products were also available in the US. The median Kuwait prices for HIV drug products as a percentage of the US prices was 82.0% (range: 44.4%-111.0%). The difference in prices between the two countries was statistically significant (p= 0.01). Generic bioequivalent alternatives were available in the US for the HVI ARV drugs lamivudine/zidovudine and lamivudine. Kuwait did not list any of those generic alternatives. However, the prices of the US HVI ARV generic drugs were lower than the prices of the Kuwait brands. CONCLUSIONS: The Kuwait Ministry of Health list of prices included less than one fourth of the HIV ARV drugs available in the US. The prices of brand HIV ARV in Kuwait were lower than the corresponding brand drug prices and higher than the corresponding generic drug prices in the US.