OBJECTIVES: This study analyzes the association of introducing new oncology treatments with median and 1-year overall survival (OS) for advNSCLC patients in Sweden. METHODS: Survivor functions were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with death as the failure event, for 40 cohorts of patients defined by year of advNSCLC diagnosis between 1973-2013 in the Swedish Cancer Registry. Median and 1-year OS were derived for each cohort and plotted against time, displaying the innovation frontier (IF). Additionally, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was performed, adjusting for age, sex, and region, with the innovation index (InnovInd) as an exposure variable and survival time (in days) as the outcome (with HR and 95% CIs reported). InnovInd was defined as the accumulated sum of oncology treatments available in Sweden by year of approval, or evidence of earlier off-label use, as confirmed in the literature. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of new chemotherapies overall had a marginal effect on the progress of outcomes. However, the pace of adoption of innovations such as targeted agents and immunotherapies is accelerating, which may lead to larger gains in future survival.