OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of this study was to estimate the economic impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) on society and the quality of life of patients in the Spanish region of Extremadura in 2015. Extremadura is a region with a relatively old population and a low population density, which makes it an optimal place for the development of this study as a pilot experience for future analysis in other regions.

METHODS:

Retrospective observational study in a representative sample of patients (by healthcare area, gender and group of age) in the region of Extremadura, diagnosed with COPD (n = 386, mean age 71.8±10.3 years, men: 76.2%). Demographic data, resource utilization, formal and informal care, and labour productivity losses were collected in the last 12 months through investigator-administered electronic questionnaires. We also included the generic quality of life questionnaire EQ5D5L and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-C). Direct costs were estimated using the bottom-up method, informal care costs were estimated with the proxy good method or market cost method, and productivity losses were calculated using the human capital method.

RESULTS:

Results showed an average annual cost per patient of €3,757 (confidence interval: €3,077-4,438). Direct healthcare costs accounted for 43.8% (€1,645), while direct non-healthcare costs (mainly formal and informal care) accounted for 38.3% (€1,440) and productivity losses for 17.9% (€672). Costs were significantly higher in older ages and in more advanced stages. The EQ5D5L showed an average utility per patient of 0.72±0.31. The mean SGRQ-C score was 40.9±25.0. Women and older patients showed less quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS:

COPD is an important burden for the healthcare system and for the whole society. The implementation of preventive measures could translate into a substantial reduction of economic and social impact, as well as an increase in the quality of life of patients and their caregivers.