OBJECTIVES: The EQ-5D-3L-Y is a generic health-related quality of life measure developed for children and adolescents from eight years old. This research aims to investigate population health status, based on the EQ-5D-3L-Y, among adolescents in Sweden. Population data can be used to compare health status of specific groups with the general population, to monitor population health status over time and to identify groups in the general population with greater risk of poor health. METHODS: Data were derived from a general population survey conducted in year 2014 among Swedish adolescents aged 13−20 years. Pupils answered anonymously, using paper and pencil, during school hours. Socio-economic status was assessed by parents’ occupation. RESULTS: The response rate was 79,7%. A total of 6,870 participants answered all dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L-Y (mean age 16.1 years; same proportion of boys and girls). Girls reported significantly more problems than boys in the dimensions doing usual activities, having pain or discomfort and feeling worried, sad or unhappy, and had significantly lower mean VAS score. Nearly 52% of girls reported problems in the mood dimension. Mean VAS scores for both boys and girls decreased by age, 78.0−71.2. Participants with lower socio-economic status reported more problems in all EQ-5D-3L-Y dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of reported problems in the dimension feeling worried, sad or unhappy among girls gives reason for concern and is a base for policy, especially in the age group 15−16 years where nearly 10%, reported a lot of problems.