OBJECTIVES: To assess disparities in HRQoL between non-Hispanic Whites and Minorities with TC. METHODS: Data from the 2005 to 2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey was utilized. Dependent variables were the Short Form-12 physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summary scores. Race/ethnicity was categorized as Minorities (Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). Propensity score matching was conducted on covariates: age, sex, education level, marital status, region of residence, and number of comorbidities. Associations between race/ethnicity and PCS and MCS scores were evaluated using two weighted linear regression models, adjusting for poverty level, health insurance status, and employment status. Analyses were performed in the R software and an alpha level of 0.05 signified statistical significance. RESULTS: Race/ethnicity was not significantly associated with PCS [β: 1.14; 95% CI (-2.93, 5.21)] but was significantly associated with MCS—minorities had a MCS score 7.79 points higher than NHWs [95% CI (4.02, 11.57)]. CONCLUSIONS : Among thyroid cancer survivors, no racial/ethnic differences were found in physical health-related QoL; however, minorities reported significantly higher mental health-related QoL compared to NHWs. Considering the findings of this study, we posit that mental health-related QoL is increased among minorities only when a cancer diagnosis is present; a phenomenon that may be explained by differentials in social support and social connectedness across racial/ethnic groups. This study highlights the need for professional counseling and other forms of psychosocial care for TC survivors, especially among those most likely to lack strong support systems via spirituality or a close-knit family structure.