OBJECTIVES: Wearable health monitoring devices have become increasingly available and allow for real-time tracking of clinical values. This research aims to assess the trends in continuous glucose monitor (CGM) uptake and to examine differences in costs and resource utilization following their initial use. METHODS: Adults aged 18-64 with a diagnosis for diabetes (ICD-9-CM 250.xx) and continuous enrollment in commercial insurance were identified from the Truven Health MarketScan databases (2008-2012). An initial procedure code for CGM (CPT 95250) at least one year after the initial diagnosis and the lack of a previous claim for CGM identified eligible subjects within each year from 2009-2011; the date of the qualifying CGM claim served as the index date. Costs and utilization for pharmacy, inpatient, emergency department, specialty, laboratory, and primary care services were compared between each annual cohort and between the year prior to and following the index date. RESULTS: From 2009 to 2011, the number of initial patients using CGM declined, from 1,001 to 770 (p-value for trend <0.001). The total average costs to treat these patients increased between 2009 and 2010 before declining in 2011, mostly due to dramatic changes in costs related to outpatient pharmacy and inpatient services. Compared to before the CGM was placed, mean annual costs for primary care visits and laboratory services tended to decrease while the average number of primary care visits consistently and significantly declined (all p<0.05). However, noticeably higher mean costs related to outpatient pharmacy services were accrued following CGM use in both 2009 and 2010. CONCLUSIONS: Devices such as CGM may benefit ongoing patient care by providing more regular insight to treatment progression and, in some cases, lead to more efficient care.