OBJECTIVES:  In routine practice, the choice of relevant active comparators in medico economic modeling is done by using the standard of care and through market studies. However, decision makers are expressing an increasing interest in real life data, to better manage uncertainty while making decisions and also to fill the gap between existing guidelines and real usage. As guidelines are not updated with the introduction of new therapies and are heterogeneous at EU5 level, the objective of this study was to confirm the added value of real world data (RWD) in the identification of relevant comparators at country level. Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM) have been used as a case study, due to the introduction of multiple innovative therapies in the last year and also due to heterogeneity of treatment in this patient segment. METHODS:  A retrospective analysis was performed using IMS RWD Oncology cross-sectional survey data, a retrospective, longitudinal cancer treatment database collecting anonymized patient-level oncology data in 5 European countries. We extracted EU5 patients with RRMM in 2015. Relapse/Refractory is based on the calculation of time gaps between therapies. RESULTS:  Of the currently 60,731 projected treated populations with MM in EU5, 23% are in 2nd line and 7% in 3rd line plus. 2nd Line RRMM patients received lenalinomide-based regimen (46%) in monotherapy and combination with dexamethasone followed by mephalan (13%) and bortezomib/dexamethasone (10%). In 3rd line dexamethasone based regimens were the gold standard, alone (32%) or in combination with pomalidomid (10%) or bortezomib (8%). Differences were observed at country level. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing request by authorities to validate cost-effectiveness and budget impact models makes the usage of RWD a suitable solution. Due to the availability of detailed conditions of use according to patient profile, these data may improve the quality and the efficiency of medico economic models in RRMM.