OBJECTIVES: To explore the treatment patterns associated with use of intravitreal ranibizumab and aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a real-world setting. METHODS: Prescription data retrieved from the IMS Australia LRx database were used for this study to identify treatment naïve nAMD patients with ≥1 prescriptions for ranibizumab or aflibercept between December 1, 2012 and March 31, 2014. Patients were considered to be treatment-naïve if they had received no anti-VEGF treatment for >180 days prior to the index date. Patients were excluded if they received two different anti-VEGF therapies on the index date. Pharmacies were also required to consistently submit claims to the database on a monthly basis in the 6 month pre-index and 6 month post-index periods. Mean (± standard deviation (SD)) number of injections received within 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment initiation were calculated and compared for patients initiating therapy with ranibizumab or aflibercept. No adjustments for bilateral treatment were performed. RESULTS: Patient characteristics such as age and gender for ranibizumab (N=1,235) and aflibercept (N=959) patients were not well populated in the database and were therefore not computed at index. The mean (±SD) number of injections at each assessment point was comparable: 5.5±1.5 vs 5.2±1.6 (p<0.0001), 7.4±2.0 vs 7.2±2.2 (p<0.0286), and 9.2±2.5 vs 9.1±2.6 (p=0.45) for ranibizumab and aflibercept, respectively. The mean (±SD) number of days between visits in each year for ranibizumab and aflibercept treated patients was also similar: 35.3±19.2 vs 36.8±20.0 (p<0.0001), 38.7±20.3 vs 39.7±20.1 (p<0.0247), and 41.2±20.9 vs 41.6±20.4 (p=0.39), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with existing research on treatment patterns in Australia and suggest that ranibizumab and aflibercept are administered in a similar manner in clinical practice. Further investigation of the impact of these treatments on patient visual outcomes in the long-term in an Australian patient cohort is warranted.