OBJECTIVES:  Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, chronic disorder of the nervous system that affects motor abilities and quality of life particularly in the elderly. The prevalence of PD in Japan has increased in the last quarter of a century, primarily because of population aging.The objective of this study was to quantify the burden of PD in Japan with respect to health-related quality of life, work productivity loss, activity impairment, and healthcare resource utilization. METHODS:  Data from the Japan 2009-2014 National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) were used (N=154,817). Respondents who self-reported a diagnosis of PD were compared with respondents who did not with respect to health related quality of life (the mental component summary [MCS],physical component summary [PCS], and health state utility scores from the Short Form-36v2), work productivity loss and activity related impairment (the WPAI-GH instrument), and self-reported healthcare resource utilization in the past 6 months.  RESULTS:  A total of N=137 respondents reported a diagnosis of PD (53.30% were male; mean age=61.34). Compared with controls, respondents with diagnosed PD had significantly lower MCS (35.58 vs. 45.30), PCS (41.48 vs. 51.23), and health state utility (0.58 vs. 0.73), and also had significantly greater absenteeism (17.42 vs. 1.43), presenteeism (48.18 vs. 23.22), overall work impairment (52.83 vs. 22.45), and activity impairment (49.81 vs. 21.99). For resource use, diagnosed PD had a greater number of visits to the ER (0.46 vs. 0.11), hospitalizations (3.47 vs. 0.59), and healthcare provider visits (8.31 vs. 4.88) in the past 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that PD in Japan is associated with poorer health-related quality of life, greater work productivity loss leading to higher indirect costs, and greater healthcare resource utilization leading to higher direct costs. Results suggest unmet needs among the PD population and improved management of PD could be beneficial to both the patient and society.