OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the appropriateness of polypharmacy and medication adherence in elderly diabetic patients. METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out at the diabetic outpatient department of Pafos General Hospital (PGH). A random sample of 173 patients was selected out of 311 patients followed up from March to April 2016. A questionnaire was prepared based on the EU SIMPATHY experience including questions on patients’ characteristics, medication use and adherence, comorbidities, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and follow up. Medication assessment has been done by General Practitioners (GPs) based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines, of the Ministry of Health. The student’s t-test was performed to examine the associations between categorical and continuous variables; a two-sided P value ≤ 0.001 was considered significant. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS-20. RESULTS: