OBJECTIVES:  Lymphedema is a frequent and chronic condition posing a high burden on patients. Clinical guidelines emphasize the role of compression therapy by prescription medical devices. Ideally, healthcare utilization should be based on patients’ clinical needs. Our aim was to measure medical devices expenditures of lymphedema patients and to quantify the inequities in health care utilization. METHODS:  A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in France in 2014 on patients with lymphedema. Household ability to pay was specified by net income using an equivalence scale. Clinical needs were characterized at inclusion using gender, age, severity, site of swelling and disease-specific quality of life (LYMQOL questionnaire). Lymphedema-specific medical devices expenditures were assessed prospectively over 6 months for outpatient care using a self-administered online questionnaire. Expenditures were modeled using an ordinary least-square regression. RESULTS:  We included 203 patients. The average medical devices expenditures over 6 months were 256 Euros (SD: 238 Euros) and ranged from 0 to 1,244 Euros. The average income per consumption unit was 1,932 Euros (SD: 1,146 €uros). After adjustment, medical devices expenditures were higher among women (p<0.01), higher for lower-limb lymphedema (p<0.001), and higher for higher-income patients (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:  Even in a health care system organized and financed to warrant equity, medical devices expenditure was not distributed among patients according to clinical needs alone.