OBJECTIVES: Guidelines for economic analyses of health care technologies require local input data for reimbursement decisions in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The aim of our study was to systematically review and analyse the available EQ-5D literature in neurology, a clinical area with increasing economic importance. METHODS: To identify studies using EQ-5D a systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and the EuroQol Group database up to July 1, 2015. Local journals were handsearched. The countries included were Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Original articles reporting nervous system diseases studies including EQ-5D were analysed by systematic data extraction. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: EQ-5D research activity in neurology has been increasing through the years in some CEE countries, but is still absent in others. Data from clinical areas with significant social burden such as migraine or Huntington’s disease are lacking. Transferability studies, specific targeted research and strengthening of regional collaboration among neurology centres are encouraged.