OBJECTIVES: Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines to prevent varicella, and the documented effectiveness of universal varicella vaccination (UVV) programmes, Poland’s Immunization Programme does not recommend the routine use of varicella vaccines, except in certain high-risk individuals. As in other countries, one reason for the absence of UVV may be a lack of understanding of the clinical and economic burden of disease; the objective of this study was to evaluate that burden. METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective chart review study of patients aged 1-12 years with a primary varicella diagnosis between 2011 and 2015. Healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with varicella, unit costs, and work loss were used to estimate direct and indirect costs. All costs are presented in 2015 Polish Zloty (PLN) / Euros (€). RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Varicella is associated with substantial clinical burden in Poland, resulting in the utilization of a significant amount of healthcare resources.