OBJECTIVES:  The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) evaluates the use of treatments within the English National Health Service (NHS). Within NICE’s Single Technology Appraisal (STA) process manufacturers submit evidence on the effectiveness of their interventions relative to specific comparators. The manufacturers’ submissions are evaluated by Evidence Review Groups (ERGs), and Appraisal Committees decide whether to recommend the treatment. Evidence on the relative effectiveness of the intervention and its comparators should ideally come from head-to-head randomized clinical trials. When such evidence is unavailable manufacturers may use a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the treatments. Both the NICE Guide to the Methods of Technology Appraisal and the NICE Decision Support Unit (DSU) Technical Support Documents (TSDs) provide guidance on the conduct of NMAs. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the use of NMA within STAs with respect to the NICE guidance. METHODS:  We used the NICE website to identify STAs published between May 2015 and April 2016 inclusive. For STAs that included an NMA we reviewed the appraisal documents including the manufacturer’s submission and the ERG report. Specifically we recorded what outcomes were analysed, what methods were applied, how the results were presented and any feedback from the ERG. RESULTS:  Our review demonstrated that NMAs are widely used within STAs. Manufacturers applied both standard NMA methodology as described in the NICE DSU TSDs and more complex methods such as matching adjusted indirect treatment comparison. Manufacturers did not consistently report all of the details suggested by the NICE guidelines. The ERGs differed in their expectations for NMA. In some cases, ERGs were willing to accept more complex methods. CONCLUSIONS:  Although STAs often include NMAs, these do not always entirely conform to the NICE guidelines. Manufacturers should present all of the information recommended by the NICE guidelines.